Zanzibar, an enchanting archipelago in the Indian Ocean, lies about 40 kilometers off Tanzania’s eastern coast. Comprising several islands, with Unguja (commonly known as Zanzibar Island) and Pemba Island being the largest, Zanzibar is celebrated for its stunning beaches, rich cultural heritage, and historical significance. Just south of the equator, this tropical paradise enjoys a warm climate year-round, attracting visitors with its blend of African, Arab, and Indian influences. Whether exploring spice farms, snorkeling in crystal-clear waters, or savoring local dishes like biryani and Zanzibar pizza, travelers find Zanzibar a captivating destination.
Population: Estimate 30,000 people in 2024
Economy: Zanzibar's economy relies heavily on tourism, agriculture, and fishing. The island is known for its spice production, particularly cloves, and attracts visitors with its rich culture and beautiful beaches. Tourism is the largest contributor, driving growth and development.
Landmarks: Famous for the Stone Town, Prison Island ( or Changuu Island), and the Jozani Forest (an important part of the Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park).
Tanzania
Zanzibar's history is marked by a rich tapestry of cultural influences, primarily shaped by its strategic location as a major trade hub in the Indian Ocean. Originally settled by Bantu-speaking peoples, the islands saw significant Arab, Persian, Indian, and European interactions beginning in the 7th century, leading to a unique blend of cultures. The Omani Sultanate took control in the late 17th century, establishing Zanzibar as a center for the spice trade and the slave trade, which profoundly impacted its social fabric and economy. Today, Zanzibar is celebrated for its vibrant culture, characterized by the Swahili language, a fusion of local dialects and Arabic, and a culinary scene rich in spices.
When you visit Zanzibar, you can expect warm and friendly interactions with the locals, who are renowned for their hospitality and welcoming nature. The population is predominantly Swahili, with a blend of Arab, Persian, Indian, and African influences, reflecting the island's rich history as a trade hub. Locals generally have a positive attitude towards tourists, appreciating the economic benefits that tourism brings, though there are ongoing discussions about ensuring these benefits are shared equitably within the community.
Nungwi Beach - © Moses Londo
Zanzibar offers a rich blend of history and natural beauty, with Stone Town standing out as a UNESCO World Heritage Site known for its narrow alleys and coral stone buildings. These attractions, along with the island's vibrant culture and stunning landscapes, make Zanzibar a must-visit destination.
Buildings in Zanzibar Stone Town - © Alferio Njau
When visiting Zanzibar, be sure to try the island’s local specialty. Don’t miss the fragrant Zanzibari biryani among other must-try local dishes, a showcase of Zanzibar’s rich culinary heritage.
Zanzibar Pizza - © Plochman's Mustard
Held in Stone Town during February, the Sauti za Busara Music Festival is a lively celebration of African music, featuring over 400 artists performing genres ranging from traditional taarab to contemporary hip-hop. You can expect vibrant street parades, live performances, and a festive atmosphere that highlights the richness of African culture.
As one of East Africa's largest cultural events, ZIFF offers a platform for filmmakers from Africa and beyond to showcase their talents. The festival includes film screenings, workshops, and performances, along with outdoor cinema experiences and live music, making it a must-visit for film enthusiasts and culture lovers alike.
Celebrated in Makunduchi during July, the Mwaka Kogwa Festival marks the Shirazi New Year with unique traditions and rituals. Highlights include mock fights with banana tree branches and the lighting of bonfires, symbolizing the clearing of past grievances and welcoming the new year with joy and community spirit.
Mwaka Kogwa Festival - © Zanzibar Commission for Tourism
Relax with the locals on Zanzibar beach - © Majkl Velner
Throughout the year, Arusha’s temperatures vary:
The ideal time to visit Arusha is during the dry seasons, particularly from June to September and January to February. These months offer pleasant weather, perfect for outdoor activities like safaris and hiking. If you’re traveling during June to August, be prepared for cooler evenings and early mornings.
A Masai in traditional Masai dress on Zazibar beach - © Lidia Stawinska
Zanzibar has a limited number of ATMs, mostly concentrated in Stone Town and a few tourist spots like Nungwi and Paje. It's important to note that ATMs can sometimes run out of cash, so it's wise to withdraw enough when you find one that’s stocked. The maximum withdrawal limit is typically 400,000 Tanzanian Shillings (around $130), and fees may apply, so check with your bank about international usage before you travel. Currency exchange is primarily available at banks and designated bureaus, with 24/7 services at the airport for added convenience.
Anuradhapura is not just a place to visit, it’s a place to feel. Nestled in Sri Lanka’s North Central Province, this UNESCO World Heritage Site invites travelers to walk among sacred stupas, ancient ruins, and vibrant rituals that span over two millennia. Known as one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities, Anuradhapura blends religious reverence, royal history, and everyday village life. Whether you’re a spiritual seeker, a history lover, or a curious wanderer, this ancient city offers a deep and memorable journey into the heart of Sri Lanka’s cultural identity.
Population: Approximately 950,000 in 2022.
Economy: Anuradhapura’s economy is primarily driven by agriculture, religious tourism, and small-scale trade. The region is known for rice farming, supported by ancient irrigation systems. Tourism, linked to its UNESCO World Heritage status, also plays a vital role, in supporting local businesses, guides, and hospitality services.
Landmarks: Famous for the Sri Maha Bodhi Tree, Ruwanwelisaya Stupa, and Jetavanaramaya Monastery.
Polonnaruwa isn’t just a place but a journey back in time. Tucked in the heart of Sri Lanka’s Cultural Triangle, this UNESCO World Heritage Site is a wonderland of ancient ruins, sacred temples, and royal architecture that whisper tales of a grand past. Once a thriving capital of Sinhalese kings and a center of Buddhist learning, Polonnaruwa today blends history, serenity, and cultural charm. Explore majestic stone carvings, cycle through peaceful landscapes, and connect with locals who embody Sri Lanka’s warm spirit. With every step, you'll uncover layers of a story that spans centuries.
Population: Approximately 450,000 in 2022.
Economy: Polonnaruwa’s economy is primarily driven by agriculture, especially rice cultivation, supported by ancient irrigation systems like Parakrama Samudra. Tourism also plays a key role, with small-scale trading, handicrafts, and local services contributing to the town’s economic fabric.
Landmarks: Famous for the Gal Vihara, Parakrama Samudra, and The Royal Palace of King Parakramabahu I.
Tucked away in Sri Lanka’s Central Province, Dambulla is more than a stopover—it’s a window into the island’s spiritual soul. This town is best known for the Dambulla Cave Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site that guards over two millennia of Buddhist art and devotion. But beyond its famed rock shrines lies a land of rolling hills, vibrant markets, and friendly locals. Just a short drive from Sigiriya Rock Fortress and the Cultural Triangle, it’s the perfect base to explore the heart of Sri Lanka.
Population: Approximately 72,000 in 2022.
Economy: Dambulla’s economy thrives on agriculture, tourism, and trade as a major hub in Sri Lanka’s vegetable and fruit supply chain. Tourism also plays a key role in local crafts, hospitality, and transport services, further supporting the regional economy.
Landmarks: Famous for the Dambulla Cave Temple, Sigiriya Rock Fortress, and The Dambulla Dedicated Economic Centre.
Luang Prabang, nestled in northern Laos at the meeting point of the Mekong river and Nam Khan river, is a city celebrated for its rich cultural heritage and stunning natural beauty. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995, it boasts a unique blend of traditional Lao and French architecture that has been carefully preserved. Whether you're wandering through its ancient temples, admiring the local architecture, or soaking in the natural beauty of waterfalls and rivers, Luang Prabang offers something for everyone.
Population: Approximately 470,000 in 2020.
Economy: Luang Prabang's economy thrives on tourism, with its UNESCO status drawing visitors to its temples, natural wonders, and cultural experiences. Local crafts, hospitality, and small businesses also play vital roles, supporting the town's sustainable growth. Local crafts, hospitality, and small businesses also play vital roles, supporting the town's sustainable growth.
Landmarks: Famous for the Wat Xieng Thong, Royal Palace Museum (also known as Haw Kham), and Mount Phousi (Phou Si Hill).Luang Prabang, nestled in northern Laos at the meeting point of the Mekong river and Nam Khan river, is a city celebrated for its rich cultural heritage and stunning natural beauty. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995, it boasts a unique blend of traditional Lao and French architecture that has been carefully preserved. Whether you're wandering through its ancient temples, admiring the local architecture, or soaking in the natural beauty of waterfalls and rivers, Luang Prabang offers something for everyone.
Population: Approximately 470,000 in 2020.
Economy: Luang Prabang's economy thrives on tourism, with its UNESCO status drawing visitors to its temples, natural wonders, and cultural experiences. Local crafts, hospitality, and small businesses also play vital roles, supporting the town's sustainable growth. Local crafts, hospitality, and small businesses also play vital roles, supporting the town's sustainable growth.
Landmarks: Famous for the Wat Xieng Thong, Royal Palace Museum (also known as Haw Kham), and Mount Phousi (Phou Si Hill).
Vientiane, the capital of Laos, offers a unique travel experience for those looking to explore a peaceful Southeast Asian city with a deep connection to its cultural roots. Unlike other bustling capitals, Vientiane boasts a serene and laid-back atmosphere, making it a perfect destination for travelers wanting to escape the chaos of more crowded cities. This charming city sits along the Mekong River, offering scenic views, rich history, and a vibrant yet tranquil way of life. As a gateway to exploring Laos, this capital invites you to slow down, immerse in its heritage, and enjoy the local flavors.
Population: Approximately 840,000 in 2023.
Economy: Vientiane's economy is growing steadily, driven by government services, trade, and tourism. Key sectors include agriculture, manufacturing, and construction. The city's strategic location along the Mekong River supports trade with neighboring Thailand and Vietnam.
Landmarks: Famous for the Pha That Luang, Patuxai, and the Buddha Park (or Wat Xieng Khuan).
Zanzibar, an enchanting archipelago in the Indian Ocean, lies about 40 kilometers off Tanzania’s eastern coast. Comprising several islands, with Unguja (commonly known as Zanzibar Island) and Pemba Island being the largest, Zanzibar is celebrated for its stunning beaches, rich cultural heritage, and historical significance. Just south of the equator, this tropical paradise enjoys a warm climate year-round, attracting visitors with its blend of African, Arab, and Indian influences. Whether exploring spice farms, snorkeling in crystal-clear waters, or savoring local dishes like biryani and Zanzibar pizza, travelers find Zanzibar a captivating destination.
Population: Estimate 30,000 people in 2024
Economy: Zanzibar's economy relies heavily on tourism, agriculture, and fishing. The island is known for its spice production, particularly cloves, and attracts visitors with its rich culture and beautiful beaches. Tourism is the largest contributor, driving growth and development.
Landmarks: Famous for the Stone Town, Prison Island ( or Changuu Island), and the Jozani Forest (an important part of the Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park).